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MySQL | UPPER method

schedule Aug 12, 2023
Last updated
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MySQL
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MySQL's UPPER(~) method converts the input string to uppercase and returns it.

Parameters

1. str | string

The string to convert to uppercase.

Return value

The input string in uppercase.

Examples

Consider the following table about some students:

student_id

fname

lname

day_enrolled

age

username

1

Sky

Towner

2015-12-03

17

stowner1

2

Ben

Davis

2016-04-20

19

bdavis2

3

Travis

Apple

2018-08-14

18

tapple3

4

Arthur

David

2016-04-01

16

adavid4

5

Benjamin

Town

2014-01-01

17

btown5

The above sample table can be created using the code here.

Basic usage

To return student usernames in uppercase:

SELECT UPPER(username)
FROM students;
+-----------------+
| UPPER(username) |
+-----------------+
| STOWNER1 |
| BDAVIS2 |
| TAPPLE3 |
| ADAVID4 |
| BTOWN5 |
+-----------------+

To return uppercase of 'hello':

SELECT UPPER('hello');
+----------------+
| UPPER('hello') |
+----------------+
| HELLO |
+----------------+

Binary strings

To perform uppercase conversion with binary strings, the binary string must first be converted to a non-binary string:

SET @fav_city = BINARY 'tokyo';
SELECT UPPER(@fav_city), UPPER(CONVERT(@fav_city USING utf8mb4));
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| UPPER(@fav_city) | UPPER(CONVERT(@fav_city USING utf8mb4)) |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| tokyo | TOKYO |
+------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------+

On the left we see that when UPPER(~) is used with a binary string, the input remains unchanged in the output.

When the binary string is first converted to a non-binary string on the right, the input is converted to uppercase.

robocat
Published by Arthur Yanagisawa
Edited by 0 others
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