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Filling in the area underneath a curve in Matplotlib

schedule Aug 11, 2023
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PythonMatplotlib
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To fill the area underneath a curve in Matplotlib, use the plt.fill_between(~) method:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(0, 5, 1000)
plt.plot(x, 2*x)

# Fill from x=2 to x=4
x_fill = np.linspace(2, 3, 1000)
plt.fill_between(x_fill, 2*x_fill, alpha=0.5) # suppose f(x)=2x
plt.show()

The three arguments that we've supplied to fill_between(~) are as follows:

  • the x-values to shade

  • the upper bound of the y-values to shade in. Note that the lower bound is set to 0 by default.

  • the transparency of the shaded area.

This gives us the following output:

Adjusting the baseline

By default, the lower bound is fixed at y=0. We can set a custom baseline by supplying one additional argument:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.linspace(0, 5, 1000)
plt.plot(x, 2*x)

# Fill from x=2 to x=3
x_fill = np.linspace(2, 3, 1000)
plt.fill_between(x_fill, 1, y2=2*x_fill, alpha=0.5) # suppose f(x)=2x
plt.show()

Here, the second argument is our new baseline y=1, and the upper bound is set to the line.

The output is as follows:

robocat
Published by Isshin Inada
Edited by 0 others
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